Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) refers to the effective understanding of anything associated with the maritime domain that could impact the security, safety, economy, or environment of a nation. It involves the collection, integration, analysis, and dissemination of information related to maritime activities and threats. MDA is crucial for preventing illegal activities such as piracy, trafficking, and illegal fishing, as well as for ensuring safe navigation and environmental protection.

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The CWSRG programme for MDA leverages the Commonwealth's unique advantages in the maritime space, looking to place the surveillance, monitoring, patrolling and understanding of the maritime domain at the heart of Commonwealth maritime cooperation.